What does a subpoena compel a witness to do?

A subpoena is a legal document that orders an individual to appear in court and testify as a witness in a legal proceeding. This is a crucial part of the judicial process, as witnesses provide essential testimony that can influence the outcome of a case. The purpose of issuing a subpoena is to ensure that the court has access to all relevant information and perspectives necessary for a fair trial.

When someone receives a subpoena, they are legally obligated to comply; failure to do so can result in penalties, including contempt of court charges. In essence, the core function of a subpoena is to secure the presence of a witness, which is foundational to the legal process. The other options do not encapsulate the primary purpose of a subpoena, as it does not compel witness testimony through fines, written statements, or silence.